What are lipomas?
Lipomas are benign tumors of the subcutaneous tissue, formed by accumulated fat cells within a fibrous capsule. They are located just beneath the skin and are characterized by a soft, elastic texture and ease of mobility. They usually develop gradually without causing pain. However, in some cases, they may cause discomfort, especially when they become large or press on adjacent tissues and nerve endings.
Their diameter ranges from a few millimeters to several centimeters, while in rare cases they may exceed 10 centimeters. Their shape is oval or round, with a clearly defined surface that can be easily distinguished from the surrounding tissues during clinical examination.
Where do lipomas appear?
Lipomas can appear on any part of the body, however, there are certain areas where they are more commonly observed:
- Trunk (back, abdomen)
- Upper and lower limbs (arms, thighs)
- Neck and shoulders
In rarer cases, lipomas may also be found in deeper tissues, such as within muscles or in visceral organs. However, in dermatological practice, most lipomas are superficial and can be easily detected by palpation.
Causes and predisposing factors
Η αιτιολογία της εμφάνισης λιπωμάτων παραμένει ασαφής, αλλά έχουν αναγνωριστεί ορισμένοι παράγοντες που φαίνεται ότι συμβάλλουν:
- Heredity: Individuals with a family history of lipomas are more likely to develop similar lesions.
- Age: They occur more frequently between the ages of 40 and 60.
- Minor injuries: They can act as a trigger for the development of a lipoma at a local level.
- Metabolic factors: Conditions such as hyperlipidemia or obesity appear to be associated with an increased occurrence.
Lipomas are not associated with malignancy and do not develop into cancer. Nevertheless, any lesion that appears or changes should be evaluated by a dermatologist to rule out any possibility.
Lipomas: Diagnosis and evaluation
Soft tissue ultrasound, for more accurate imaging and localization of the lesion
- Soft tissue ultrasound, for more accurate imaging and localization of the lesion
- Biopsy, to confirm the diagnosis or when the nature of the lesion cannot be determined with certainty
The above examinations allow for the safe differentiation from other subcutaneous lesions, such as liposarcoma or epidermoid cysts.
When is removal indicated?
The removal of a lipoma is not always necessary. The decision is made based on the following criteria:
- Rapid increase in size
- Aesthetic alteration or discomfort due to location
- Pressure on nerve structures
- Unclear presentation and the need for histological confirmation
How is lipoma removal performed?
At AI Derma Clinic, the removal procedure is performed in a sterile environment and under local anesthesia. The dermatologist performs a surgical excision of the lipoma along with the fibrous capsule surrounding it. The removal is definitive and eliminates the possibility of recurrence in the same area.
In selected cases, the technique of liposuction may also be used, especially for large superficial lipomas, when permitted by the location and consistency of the lesion.
The procedure is short and most patients return immediately to their activities. The area is monitored until complete healing.
What are the advantages of removal?
- Relief from bothersome symptoms
- Improvement of appearance
- Diagnostic certainty through histological examination
- Prevention of complications, such as injury or inflammation
Lipomas: Special cases
There are types of lipomas that require special attention, such as:
- Angiolipomas, which are often painful
- Intramuscular lipomas, located deeper and requiring a specialized approach
- Multiple lipomas, which may be associated with hereditary syndromes and require systematic monitoring
The dermatologist’s expertise in skin mapping and the evaluation of skin lesions is of crucial importance.
The Dermatologists at AI Derma Clinic have specialized training in Dermoscopy (Master of Science in Dermoscopy) and extensive experience in evaluating skin lesions. Their expertise, education, and the use of the most advanced diagnostic equipment guarantee accuracy in diagnosis and safety in the treatment of conditions such as lipomas. Contact us to schedule a clinical evaluation and receive the personalized care you deserve.
